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U.N. Commission Adopts Basic Formula for Human Rights Covenant

June 11, 1952
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The United Nations Commission on Human Rights today adopted Article I of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights governing all other articles of this covenant. The article reads as follows:

“1. Each state party hereto undertakes to respect and to ensure to all individuals within its territory and subject to its jurisdiction the rights recognized in this covenant, without distinction of any kind, such as race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.

“2. Where not already provided for by existing legislative or other measures, each state undertakes to take the necessary steps, in accordance with its constitutional process and with the provisions of this covenant, to adopt such legislative or other measures as may be necessary to give effect to the rights recognized in this covenant.

“3. Each state party hereto undertakes: A. To ensure that any person whose rights or freedoms as herein recognized are violated shall have an effective remedy, notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity. B. To develop the possibilities of judicial remedy and to ensure that any person claiming such a remedy shall have his right thereto determined by competent authorities, political, administrative or judicial. C. To ensure that the competent authorities shall enforce such remedies when granted.”

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