NEW YORK, Oct. 2 (JTA) — In the town where I grew up, there were three churches and no synagogues. Naturally, Jews were few and far between. We moved there in the 1950s because my mother liked the landscape. Abandoning our Ashkenazi background, she befriended our neighbors, pursuing standard American fare, such as candied carrots and mashed sweet potatoes with marshmallows. So it’s not surprising that I was in college before I got my first taste of tzimmes. One Sukkot during the late 1960s, a boyfriend invited me to his grandparents’ two-family house in Borough Park, a Brooklyn neighborhood that was mostly populated by Orthodox Jews. In their dining room, the usual foods graced the lace on their holiday table: challah, roasted turkey, brisket with onions, stuffed peppers and an apple kugel — no cream, of course. “What’s that?” I whispered, pointing to a bowl brimming with sweet potatoes and carrots, the color of molten amber punctuated by bold black prunes. “Tzimmes,” my boyfriend said. “Tzimmes?” I asked, trying this sweet and savory medley. Catching a hint of honey, I wanted the recipe. “You’ve never heard of tzimmes before,” said his grandmother, piling a second portion on my plate. “In Yiddish, it means a big fuss or a lot of trouble.” “I don’t know any Yiddish,” I said, distracted by my ecstasy. Although I eventually broke up with that boyfriend because he was too much of a tzimmes, I was seduced by a burst of flavor as vibrant as autumn leaves. That Sukkot, I discovered a comfort food with a warmer heart than mashed potatoes or Campbell’s soup concoctions. Although tzimmes is most often associated with Rosh Hashanah because of its sweet ingredients, the dish is also served at Sukkot, when piping hot casseroles full of fall produce are infinitely practical. In cold climates, hearty foods are popular for outdoor dining in sukkahs, the harvest huts erected in backyards and decorated with dangling produce to celebrate the season’s bounty. Leo Rosten explains in “The Joys of Yiddish,” the word tzimmes derives from the German zum, or “to the,” and essen, or “eating.” Simmered for hours on a low flame, tzimmes is a mixture of vegetables; fruits, often dried; and sometimes meat, such as brisket, flanken, or short ribs. It’s not surprising that tzimmes originated in Germany, where people have cooked fruit with meat since the Middle Ages. Because of their many ingredients and long cooking time, tzimmes recipes are associated with prolonged procedures or involved business. Leo Rosten cites a newspaper advertisement: “Skip the fuss. Leave the tzimmes to us.” In spite of the stigma attached to its meaning, tzimmes isn’t really difficult to prepare, not counting the chopping of produce. After that, cooks are on Easy Street. As the assorted ingredients gently stew in a large pot, multi-taskers can help children with homework, return phone calls, read e-mails and bake brownies, if they remember to give the tzimmes an occasional stir. Praising the ease of tzimmes preparation, Kay Kantor Pomerantz, author of several cholent, or Sabbath stew, cookbooks, explains, “I love tzimmes almost as much as cholent, because you can throw it together and it always tastes delicious.” When ingredients have a chance to mellow and harmonize, the flavor is heightened. “The longer tzimmes sits, the better,” Pomerantz says. “But don’t let it sit too long.” In America, most tzimmes recipes combine sweet potatoes, carrots and prunes. However in the Old Country, white potatoes prevailed. Sweet potatoes are an American contribution to the genre. Traditionally tzimmes was sweetened with honey. But in our country, where everything from ketchup to breakfast cereal is sugared, maple syrup, brown sugar, canned pineapples and orange juice were invited on board. A good tzimmes can be made with practically anything, but dried fruit is its signature ingredient. There are recipes that call for dates, apricots, raisins, figs and even cranberries. Cinnamon has been the seasoning of choice, although paprika was a contender too. A staple of kosher hotel buffets in Israel, tzimmes epitomizes Ashkenazi cuisine. However, health conscious people looking to trim fat and cholesterol from their diets have replaced beef with chicken and turkey in recipes. Today’s tzimmes is seasoned with lusty flavors as far flung as ginger, cayenne pepper, Madeira wine, cumin, or chili powder. A recipe from author Gil Marks calls for mint. In modern-day America, tzimmes appears in some surprising forms, as teacakes, souffles and desserts, which include candied fruit and caramelized apples. In Jewish circles, it’s been said that you can make a big fuss about almost anything, but you can’t make a real tzimmes without carrots. Congenial and colorful, carrots are the common denominator in recipes. In her book of personal anecdotes, “And the Bridge Is Love,” Fay Moskowitz offered the most delightful description of all time: “Aunt Celia had red hair the color of carrot tzimmes cooked in honey and darkened with cinnamon.” Who knows if that was her natural color, or if Clairol ever offered a product close to the deep coppery shade of a good, old-fashioned tzimmes. A versatile stew that welcomes a multitude of ingredients, tzimmes is a complete meal in a pot when made with meat. When vegetables and fruit stand alone, it becomes a saucy side dish, which perks up poultry or veal. Because Sukkot falls so deep into autumn this year, nothing could be more satisfying than a steaming tzimmes, whether it be your grandma’s recipe or an updated version full of sassy ingredients. With its funny sounding name, tzimmes is one of those foods that have bounced around the Ashkenazi world for centuries, but rarely receives respect. Like a loveably flamboyant child, tzimmes is often the butt of jokes, but with its irrepressible personality, this comforting stew is simply too tantalizing to miss. TANGY TZIMMES (Pareve)21/2 – 3 lbs. yams, about 611/2 lbs. medium carrots, about 10-124 oz. branch of fresh ginger20 oz. can pineapple chunks1 cup orange juice1 tsp. saltJuice of 1 lime1/2 cup maple syrup12 oz box dried plums (pitted prunes)6-quart pot2 cups walnuts, choppedPeel yams, carrots and ginger. Cut yams into 8 chunks, carrots into quarters and ginger into 1/4 inch slices. Drain can of pineapples and reserve juice. Place yams, carrots, ginger, pineapple juice, orange juice, salt, lime juice and maple syrup into the pot and cover. Simmer on a low flame for 45 minutes, stirring every few minutes. Add pineapple chunks and dried plums. Simmer and stir for another 15 minutes, or until potatoes are soft in the center when a knife is inserted. Before serving, place walnuts on a cookie sheet and bake in a 350 degree oven until lightly browned, about 2 minutes. Check nuts often, as they burn easily. Turn tzimmes into an attractive bowl and sprinkle with walnuts.Yield: 12 servingTZIMMES TEABREAD (Pareve)This recipe is ideal for leftover vegetarian tzimmes, such as the Tangy Tzimmes recipe above. Serve it with tea or coffee on sunny afternoons inside the Sukkah. Enjoy it plain or lightly toast and spread butter, jam, or cream cheese on top. On Shabbat, this surprising little bread is delicious for breakfast or with lunch. 2 disposable aluminum loaf pans (8 by 4 by 21/2 inches)No-stick vegetable spray2 cups flour1/2 cup sugar1 Tbsp. baking powder1/2 tsp. salt2/3 cup orange juice2 eggs, lightly beaten3 Tbsp. margarine, melted2 cups tzimmes (already prepared)Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Coat loaf pans with no-stick spray. Reserve. Sift flour, sugar, baking powder and salt into large mixing bowl. Make a well in the center of sifted ingredients. Pour orange juice, eggs and margarine into the well. Mix together until dry ingredients are just moistened. Fold in tzimmes and mix until incorporated. Don’t puree. Small chunks of carrots and sweet potatoes are visible. Divide dough in half and fill prepared loaf pans. Bake 50 minutes, or until top forms a dome, edges brown lightly, and cake tester or toothpick inserted in the center returns clean. Cool to room temperature on a rack. Loaves will fall slightly. Remove from pans. Slice and serve immediately. For deeper flavor, wrap unsliced loaves separately in foil and store in sealed plastic bags at room temperature to serve the following day. Breads freeze well.Yield: 12-14 slices per loafLITE TZIMMES (Meat)3 Tbsp. olive oil3 lbs. leeks, about 4, greens discarded and white parts cut into 1/4 inch slices3 skinless, boneless chicken breasts (6 halves) cut into 1 inch slicessalt and white pepper to taste2 lbs. medium carrots, about 12-14, peeled3 lbs. Yukon gold potatoes, about 6, peeled and cut into 6 chunks5 cups chicken broth1 cup white wine1/2 cup flat leaf parsley, minced1/2 cup dried cranberries2/3 cup dried apricots, halved2/3 cup pitted dates, halved4 Tbsp. honey1 tsp. ground cinnamon1/2 tsp. ground nutmegIn a large pot, saute leeks in olive oil for 1 minute. Add chicken and saute until lightly browned. Add remaining ingredients and gently mix. Simmer on a low flame stirring several times for 45 minutes, or until potatoes are soft when a knife is gently inserted in the center. Serve immediately, or bring to room temperature, refrigerate up to 3 days, and reheat on low. Recipe freezes well.Yield: 10 servingsSAVORY TZIMMES (Meat)11/2 lbs. medium sized carrots, about 10-122 medium sized onions2 medium sized zucchinis 4 baking potatoes, peeled3 lbs. cubed beef for stewingSalt to taste5 Tbsp. olive oilBlack pepper to taste1 tsp. paprika31/2 cups beef broth1 cup red wine1/2 cup dill, minced1 cup golden raisinsDice carrots, onions, zucchinis and potatoes. Reserve. Sprinkle beef with salt. In a large pot, saute beef in 3 Tbsp. olive oil until lightly browned on all surfaces. Remove from pot and reserve. Drizzle remaining olive oil in pot and place diced produce inside. Sprinkle with salt, pepper and paprika. Saute and stir until produce wilts. Return beef to pot and stir. Mix in broth, wine and dill. Stirring every 15 minutes, simmer on a low flame for three hours, or until meat is tender when pierced with a knife. Add raisins and simmer another 15 minutes. Serve immediately, or bring to room temperature, store in the refrigerator for up to 3 days, and reheat on low. Recipe freezes well.Yield: 10-12 servings
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